新闻自由是一个相对的词。我觉得,第一新闻应该不受限制;第二,新闻应该对社会负责;第三,新闻应该促进社会稳定与进步。这三个方面互为联系,同等要紧,不可分割。片面强调某一方面会带来问题,因而是有害的。
Freedom of the press is a relative term. In my opinion, firstly, the press should be unrestrained; secondly1, the press should be responsible to society; and thirdly, the press should promote social stability and progress. The three aspects are integrated, equally important and inseparable. It is harmful to one-sidely stress only one aspect, as this would cause some problems.
美国也过去面临过如此的局面,刚开始极其崇尚自由主义,而对自由主义的强调不当导致了滥用新闻自由定义的结果。这是新闻理论进步的第一阶段。后来美国新闻业发现了闻,于是提出了负责任的新闻这个定义,或者叫作社会责任理论,新闻理论于是进入了第二个进步阶段。目前世界已进入一个和平与进步的后冷战时期。全世界人民都渴望有一个稳定的、进步与和平进步的社会环境。他们真诚地期望媒体在促进社会稳定和进步方面发挥更大有哪些用途,不要引起社会动荡与退步。我觉得,这个后冷战时期标志着新闻理论已进入第三个进步时期。我觉得,现在中国的传播媒体正在努力实践我前面所讲的三点。
The United States once faced this situation. It had much esteem2 for Liberalism at the very beginning. However, its undue3 emphasis on this idea resulted in the excessive abuse of the freedom of the press. This was the first period of development of the press theory. Later on, the American press perceived their own problems and therefore, put forward the concept of the responsible press, or the theory of social responsibility, bringing the development of the press theory into the second period of development. Now the world has entered a pose-cold-war period of peace and development. People all over the world yearn4 for a social environment characterized by stability, progress and peaceful development. They earnestly hope the media will play an even greater role in promoting social stability and progress, instead of causing social turbulence5 and retrogression. This post-cold-war period, I believe, characterizes the emerging third period of development for the press theory. In my opinion, Chinas media is striving to put the three aspects I mentioned earlier into practice.
西方媒体对中国的很多报道是不正确的,有时是很不客观的,是很不公正的。西方报纸极少报道中国的进步,它们有兴趣的不是中国的迅速进步,而是存在的困难和问题。假如大家只依据这类报道,无视中国的现实,那样中国在他们脑海里便是一个非常快就要垮台的社会。而事实恰恰相反,中国是一个政治上很稳定的社会,是一个经济上飞速发展的国家。
Many reports on China by the media of the West are not accurate, and sometimes very unobjective and very unfair. Reports on Chinas development are rarely seen in Western newspapers. They show little concern for Chinas rapid progress, but care only about the difficulties and problems. If one relied only on those reports and ignored the reality of China, the picture of China in ones mind would be a society soon to collapse6. But quite on the contrary, China in fact is a politically very stable society and economically rapid growing country.
大家常常报道政府工作中存在的问题。读者可以从中发现,大家对这类问题的报道完全不同于西方的报道。大家了解在进步过程中产生这类问题在所难免。大家报道的目的是叫人民为解决这类问题献计献策,而不是激起社会的动荡不安,引起误解,甚至歪曲事实。新闻媒介只有如此进行报道,才会被视为对社会的负责。
We often report problems that exist in the governments work. Readers may find that our reports on these problems are totally different from Western reports. We know these issues arose naturally in the process of our development. The purpose of our report is to let people offer solutions to these problems, not to stir up social turmoil7 and lead to misunderstandings and even to the distortion of what is really happening. only by reporting in this way can a news medium be regarded as responsible to society.